Not solved, but a GUI-based workaround if you just want to eject the disks without using the command line.
Go to "Places" menu and choose "Computer"; this'll show your connected drives, including any that are USB-connected (you'll notice the USB symbol on the drive icons). Right-click the drive and choose "
Safely remove drive". This should power down the USB device and unmount any volumes associated with it.
Note this is *not* the same as right-clicking a desktop drive icon and choosing "Unmount" - that would keep the USB device connected if, for example, you then planned on using GParted to repartition an external USB harddisk but had to unmount the partitions first. "Safely remove drive" cuts all power to the USB device and it's not seen again until it's physically replugged.
Same dialog box and message here. Reminds me of a delightful old story (
link).
EDIT: In case anyone's paying attention and trying to fix this, I've noticed the perpetually-mounted USB disk behaviour might be related to Nautilus (the Gnome filemanager) being misinformed that the USB disks are in fact fixed internal disks (which rightly *do* have entries in /etc/fstab and therefore are unmountable via right-click). Oddly, killing the nautilus process in system monitor so it restarts itself while the USB disks are still connected changes their desktop icons from standard fixed-disk icons to USB-disk icons, and right-clicking them now rightly gives the "Safely Remove Drive" option instead of the bog-standard "unmount".
In any case, it seems that drives listed under "Computer" in the places menu are mountable/unmountable/removable correctly, and it's just the convenient desktop icons that are misbehaving.
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